Volke calculates exhaust systems with the FEM development system Nastran.

During this process:

• predefined exhaust system components are interlinked in accordance with the

  specification sheet

• modal analyses are carried out and static loads determined

• tension evaluations for thermo-mechanical analyses and temperature distribution are done

• strength analyses in accordance with the specification sheet and operational vibration analyses

  are also carried out.

As a simple tool in the construction process, among Volke's areas of expertise is also the early evaluation of the tail pipe design during the development phase, without complex visual processing.  Then an overall assessment of the tail pipe is made in a virtual view of the vehicle's rear end.  Next, various materials and colors are examined for the tail pipe and rear muffler.  Finally, the tail pipe design is checked under realistic conditions such as light, shadows, and reflections.